[ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
indicate, among other things, the name and address of the buyer and seller, the product(s) being
shipped, and their value for customs, insurance, or other purposes.
Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS): A computer software industry term which describes software
which is offered for sale by commercial developers. This includes products from vendors such as SAP,
Oracle, Microsoft, etc. and all of the smaller vendors.
Commercial Zone: The area surrounding a city or town to which rates quoted for the city or town
also apply; the area is defined by the ICC.
Committee of American Steamship Lines: An industry association representing subsidized U.S.
Flag steamship firms.
Committed Capability: The portion of the production capability that is currently in use, or is
scheduled for use.
Commodities clause: A clause that prohibits railroads from hauling commodities that they produced,
mined, owned, or had an interest in.
Commodity: An item that is traded in commerce. The term usually implies an undifferentiated
product competing primarily on price and availability.
Commodity Buying: Grouping like parts or materials under one buyer s control for the procurement
of all requirements to support production.
Commodity Code: A code describing a commodity or a group of commodities pertaining to goods
classification. This code can be carrier tariff or regulating in nature.
Commodity Procurement Strategy: The purchasing plan for a family of items. This would include
the plan to manage the supplier base and solve problems.
Commodity rate: A rate for a specific commodity and its origin-destination.
Common Carrier: Transportation available to the public that does not provide special treatment to
any one party and is regulated as to the rates charged, the liability assumed, and the service
provided. A common carrier must obtain a certificate of public convenience and necessity from the
Federal Trade Commission for interstate traffic.
Common Carrier Duties: Common carriers are required to serve, deliver, charge reasonable rates,
and not discriminate.
Common Cost: A cost that cannot be directly assignable to particular segments of the business but
that is incurred for the business as a whole.
Commuter: An exempt for-hire air carrier that publishes a time schedule on specific routes; a special
type of air taxi.
Communication Protocol: The method by which two computers coordinate their communications.
BISYNC and MNP are two examples.
Definitions compiled by:
Kate Vitasek
Supply Chain Visions
www.scvisions.com
Bellevue, Washington
Please note: The Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSCMP) does not take responsibility for the content of these definitions,
nor does CSCMP endorse these as official definitions except as noted.
Page 30 of 167
SUPPLY CHAIN and LOGISTICS
TERMS and GLOSSARY
Updated October 2006
Company Culture: A system of values, beliefs, and behaviors inherent in a company. To optimize
business performance, top management must define and create the necessary culture.
Comparative Advantage: A principle based on the assumption that an area will specialize in the
production of goods for which it has the greatest advantage or least comparative disadvantage.
Competitive Advantage: Value created by a company for its customers that clearly distinguishes it
from the competition, and provides its customers a reason to remain loyal.
Competitive Benchmarking: Benchmarking a product or service against competitors. Also see:
Benchmarking
Competitive Bid: A price/service offering by a supplier that must compete with offerings from other
suppliers.
Complete & On-Time Delivery (COTD): A measure of customer service. All items on any given
order must be delivered on time for the order to be considered as complete and on time.
Complete Manufacture to Ship Time: Average time from when a unit is declared shippable by
manufacturing until the unit actually ships to a customer.
Compliance: Meaning that products, services, processes and/or documents comply with
requirements.
Compliance Checking: The function of EDI processing software that ensures that all transmissions
contain the mandatory information demanded by the EDI standard. Compares information sent by an
EDI user against EDI standards and reports exceptions. Does not ensure that documents are complete
and fully accurate, but does reject transmissions with missing data elements or syntax errors.
Compliance Monitoring: A check done by the VAN/third party network or the translation software to
ensure the data being exchanged is in the correct format for the standard being used.
Compliance Program: A method by which two or more EDI trading partners periodically report
conformity to agreed upon standards of control and audit. Management produces statements of
compliance, which briefly note any exceptions, as well as corrective action planned or taken, in
accordance with operating rules. Auditors produce an independent and objective statement of opinion
on management statements.
Component: Material that will contribute to a finished product but is not the finished product itself.
Examples would include tires for an automobile, power supply for a personal computer, or a zipper for
a ski parka. Note that what is a component to the manufacturer may be considered the finished
product of their supplier.
Computer-Aided Design (CAD) Computer-based systems for product design that may incorporate
analytical and what if capabilities to optimize product designs. Many CAD systems capture geometric
and other product characteristics for engineering-data-management systems, producibility and cost
analysis, and performance analysis. In many cases, CAD-generated data.
Computer Aided Engineering (CAE): The use of computers to model design options to stimulate
their performance.
Definitions compiled by:
Kate Vitasek
Supply Chain Visions
www.scvisions.com
Bellevue, Washington
Please note: The Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSCMP) does not take responsibility for the content of these definitions,
nor does CSCMP endorse these as official definitions except as noted.
Page 31 of 167
SUPPLY CHAIN and LOGISTICS
TERMS and GLOSSARY
Updated October 2006
Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM): Computerized systems in which manufacturing
instructions are downloaded to automated equipment or to operator workstations.
Computer-Aided Process Planning (CAPP): Software-based systems that aid manufacturing
engineers in creating a process plan to manufacture a product who s geometric, electronic, and other
[ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]