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is an important one-movement piano trio in B flat (D. 28), a further string
quartet (D. 36) written around the time of his sixteenth birthday, two more
fantasies (D. 2e and 9, for piano solo and piano duet respectively), and several
lieder, the first of which (Hagars Klage, D. 5) is dated 30 March 1811. None
Example 7.7. Schubert, Fantasie, D. 1, bars 723 31.
118 Chapter 7
of these works was published during Schubert s lifetime, but his importance
and ability as a child composer can now be fully attested. Works:
Fantasies for piano duet (D. 1, 9), 1810 11
Fantasie for piano solo (D. 2e), 1811
Three string quartets (D. 18, 19, 19a), 1810 11
Six minuets for wind (D. 2d), 1811
Overture for string quintet (D. 8), 1811
Three orchestral overtures (D. 4, 12, 26), 1811 12
Der Spiegelritter (incomplete singspiel, D. 11), 1811 12
Piano trio in B flat (D. 28), 1812
Salve regina (D. 27), 1812
Kyrie (D. 31), 1812
String quartets in C and B flat (D. 32, 36), 1812 13
Songs with piano (D. 5 7, 10, 15, 17, 23, 30, 33, 35, 39, 44), 1811 12
Partsongs (D. 17, 33 35, 37 38)
Various short piano pieces and dances; many fragments and unfinished
works
Deutsch, Otto Erich, Franz Schubert: thematisches Verzeichnis seiner Werke in chronolo-
gischer Folge, 2nd ed. (Kassel, Germany: Bärenreiter, 1978).
Schubert, Franz, Neue Ausgabe sämtlicher Werke, eds. Walther Dürr and others (Kassel,
Germany: Bärenreiter, 1964 ).
Sound Recordings
Fantasies, D. 1 and 9, in Franz Schubert, Piano Duets, vol. 4, Yaara Tal and Andreas
Groethuysen. Sony Classical SK68243 (1995).
Early quartets including fragments in Franz Schubert, String Quartets, vols. 1 3, 8 9,
Leipzig Quartet. Dabringhaus und Grimm MDG 307 0601-2 (n.d.). Many record-
ings of the Piano Trio D. 28.
" 8
"
Composers Born between 1801 and 1850
Hector Berlioz (11 Dec. 1803 8 Mar. 1869)
The son of a doctor, Berlioz had little chance to develop his musical abilities
during his early childhood, but made rapid progress from about the age of
twelve, when he began learning the flute. He then encountered Rameau s
Traité de l harmonie, from which he gained sufficient knowledge to begin com-
posing at about the age of fourteen. His first work was probably a Potpourri
concertant sur des thèmes italiens, for a sextet of flute, horn, two violins, viola, and
bass, which most likely dates from early 1818, with the flute part intended for
himself and the horn part for his teacher s son. He also composed two quintets
for the same instruments minus the horn, a combination possibly explained by
the suicide of his teacher s son in the summer of 1818. Berlioz later claimed
that the quintets had been written when he was twelve and a half, but a date
in the latter half of 1818 seems far more likely. In 1819 he offered the sextet
and some songs, and probably also the quintets, to some Parisian publishers,
but all were rejected and are no longer extant except for one song, Le Dépit
de la bergère, although two melodic fragments were incorporated into his later
works. The surviving song is a simple romance, but the piano part is rather
unsophisticated and contains some awkward part-writing. Works:
Potpourri concertant (sextet), 1817 18
Two quintets, 1818 19
Romances (voice and piano), including Le Dépit de la bergère, 1818 19
Holoman, D. Kern, Catalogue of the Works of Hector Berlioz (Kassel, Germany: Bären-
reiter, 1987).
119
119
120 Chapter 8
Fanny Mendelssohn (later Hensel) (14 Nov. 1805 14 May 1847)
Fanny Mendelssohn was the elder of two sisters of Felix (see Felix Mendels-
sohn ); their father, Abraham, was a wealthy banker. His own father, Moses
Mendelssohn, was a noted philosopher. Thus the family background, which
combined wealth, intellect, and a musical mother, was an excellent environ-
ment for Fanny and Felix to develop their creative talents. Both children
began studying music theory with Carl Friedrich Zelter in 1819, and both
soon turned to original composition. Fanny s first known work was a song,
Ihr Töne, schwingt euch fröhlich, written in 1819 for her father s birthday
on 11 December; it may have been Felix s first efforts in composition, prob-
ably made during the previous two months, that encouraged her to take up
this activity. The song exhibits the spontaneity and melodic inspiration that
were characteristic of her later style (Tillard 1996, 67), and during the next
two years she continued composing energetically. Unfortunately the manu-
script containing the works written during 1820 and 1821, which is said to
include thirty-eight songs in French, eleven piano pieces, and a few other
pieces, is in private hands and unavailable for study. Thus it is impossible at
present to provide an adequate account of Fanny Mendelssohn s childhood
output. Works:
Ihr Töne (song), 1819
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